Ngokweziko le-PPP leSebe lezeMali (cofa ezantsi kweli phepha ukuze ufunde isicatshulwa sokuqala sombhalo opheleleyo), "iNgxelo yobuGcisa kwiNtsebenziswano yoLuntu-yaBucala uKhuthaza uPhuhliso oluZinzileyo" equlunqwe yiQela eliSebenzayo le-BRICS kwi-PPP kunye Iziseko ezingundoqo zamkelwe liZiko leZimali leSibini ngowama-2022. Zavunywa yiNtlanganiso yaBaphathiswa bezeMali be-BRICS kunye neeRhuluneli zeBhanki Enkulu kwiNtlanganiso ye-14 yeeNkokheli ze-BRICS.
1. Inkcazo yeProjekthi
Inkcazo yeProjekthi yaseYuanmou County ikwindawo yentlambo eyomileyo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "greenhouse yendalo".Sesinye seziseko zemveliso zophuhliso lwezityalo zoqoqosho lwetropikhi kunye nemifuno ekuqaleni kobusika.Ingxaki yamanzi inkulu.
Phambi kokuphunyezwa kwale projekthi, imfuno yonyaka yamanzi yokunkcenkceshela kwindawo yayizizigidi ezingama-92.279 m³, unikezelo lwamanzi lwaluzizigidi ezingama-66.382 kuphela zem³, kwaye izinga lokunqongophala kwamanzi lalingama-28.06%.Le dolophu inommandla weemu ezingama-429,400 zomhlaba olimekayo, kwaye indawo esebenzayo yokunkcenkceshela ziimu 236,900 kuphela.Izinga lokunqongophala kokunkcenkceshela liphezulu ukuya kuma-44.83%.Ukuphunyezwa kwale projekthi kuya kugubungela indawo ye-114,000 ye-mu yomhlaba weefama, ukuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi bamanzi, ukusombulula imiqobo kuphuhliso lwezolimo olubangelwa kukunqongophala kwamanzi eYuanmou County, ukutshintsha indlela yokusetyenziswa kobutyebi bamanzi obungazinzanga, kunye nokutshintsha. Indlela yokunkcenkceshela yemveli ekujoliswe kuyo Ngoko ke, ukunkcenkceshela ukonga amanzi ngobuchule obuphezulu kunokufezekiswa, kwaye imeko “yokonga amanzi kurhulumente, ukunyuka kwengeniso yamafama, kunye nengeniso yeshishini” inokufezekiswa.
Phantsi kwesikhokelo somgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente wokukhuthaza inkunzi yentlalontle ukuba ithathe inxaxheba ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kweeprojekthi ezinkulu zogcino lwamanzi, le projekthi iphunyezwa ngemodeli yePPP (iAkhawunti yoLuntu yeWeChat: ithiyori yoMgaqo-nkqubo woTyalo-mali lwaManzi).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingeniso yemali ye-Yuanmou County karhulumente iphantsi kwinqanaba eliphantsi, kwaye imodeli ye-PPP yenza ngokufanelekileyo ukungabikho kwemali yokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo.
Kwelinye icala, iiprojekthi zogcino lwamanzi zinovakalelo ngakumbi kwisixa-mali sotyalo-mali, kwaye ukuphunyezwa kwazo kunye nolawulo kunokungaqiniseki okukhulu, kufuna ulwazi oluphezulu lobungcali kunye nenqanaba lolawulo lolwakhiwo lolondolozo lwamanzi.Imodeli yePPP isebenzisa iingenelo zenkunzi yentlalo kuyilo, ulwakhiwo kunye nolawulo., ukulawula nokugcina utyalo-mali lweprojekthi.
Ukongeza, imfuno yonikezelo lwamanzi kwindawo yeprojekthi iphezulu kakhulu, unikezelo lwamanzi luqinisekisiwe emva kokuba iprojekthi igqityiwe, kunye neemeko zokuphumeza ukuguqulwa kwexabiso lezolimo olubanzi lwezolimo, oluthe lwabeka isiseko sokuphunyezwa. yemodeli yePPP.Emva kokuba igqityiwe iprojekthi, unikezelo lwamanzi ngonyaka luya kuba yi-44.822 yezigidi m³, umndilili wokongiwa kwamanzi ngonyaka uya kuba yi-21.58 yezigidi m³, kwaye izinga lokonga amanzi liya kuba yi-48.6%.
Iziphumo zale projekthi ziquka:
(1) Imisebenzi emibini yokungenisa amanzi.
(2) Iprojekthi yonikezelo lwamanzi: i-32.33km yemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi engundoqo kunye nemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi engundoqo engama-46 iya kwakhiwa, enobude bombhobho obuyi-156.58km iyonke.
(3) Iprojekthi yokuhanjiswa kwamanzi, yakha imibhobho emikhulu yokuhambisa amanzi engama-801 ngombhobho ubude obungama-266.2km;imibhobho yesebe yokuhanjiswa kwamanzi ngo-1901 enobude obungama-345.33km;faka i-4933 DN50 iimitha zamanzi ezihlakaniphile.
(4) Ubunjineli bommandla, ukwakhiwa kwemibhobho encedisayo engama-4753 enobude obungama-241.73km.I-65.56 yezigidi zeemitha zamabhanti okunkcenkceshela, 3.33 yezigidi zemibhobho yokunkcenkceshela kunye ne-1.2 yezigidi zeedrip zalathiwe.
(5) Inkqubo yolwazi yogcino lwamanzi ekumgangatho ophezulu iqulunqwe ngamacandelo amane: uthumelo lwamanzi kunye nokuhanjiswa kwenkqubo engundoqo yokubeka iliso kuthungelwano, inkqubo yokuhlola ulwazi lwezemozulu nokufuma, ukwakhiwa kweziza zokubonisa ukonga amanzi okuzenzekelayo, kunye nolwakhiwo. yeziko lolawulo lwenkqubo yolwazi.
2. Imiba ephambili yophuhliso lweprojekthi nokuphunyezwa kwayo
(1) Urhulumente kufuneka aguqule inkqubo kunye nendlela yokususa imiqobo ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwintlalontle
Urhulumente useke iindlela ezi-6.Yuanmou County uRhulumente uye wasombulula ngokufanelekileyo ingxaki yokutsala inkunzi yentlalo ukuba ithathe inxaxheba ekwakhiweni kweendawo zokugcina amanzi efama ngokusekwa kweendlela ezintandathu: ukuhanjiswa kwamalungelo amanzi, ukubunjwa kwexabiso lamanzi, inkuthazo yokonga amanzi, ukuqaliswa kwenkunzi yentlalo, ukuthatha inxaxheba ngobuninzi, ulawulo lweprojekthi. kunye nolawulo lwekhontrakthi, kunye nokuqonda kwangaphambili kwezibonelelo zolondolozo lwamanzi ezifama.Iinjongo ezilindelekileyo zohlaziyo, ezifana nokuphuculwa, ukusebenza kakuhle kweeprojekthi, isiqinisekiso esisebenzayo sonikezelo lwamanzi, uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwemizi-mveliso kunye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kwengeniso yamafama, zenze imodeli entsha yenkunzi yentlalo ukuba ithathe inxaxheba kulwakhiwo, ekusebenzeni nasekulawuleni. izibonelelo zolondolozo lwamanzi ezifama.
Ulawulo lwamanzi olutsha.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umdla wabantu basekuhlaleni, ngeli lixa kugcinwe unikezelo lwamanzi lomjelo, ngokunikezelwa kwamalungelo amanzi kunye nendlela yokwenziwa kwexabiso lamanzi, isikhokelo sexabiso siyamkelwa ngokuthe ngcembe ukunika ukudlala ngokupheleleyo lula, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye neempawu zokulondoloza. unikezelo lwamanzi ngemibhobho, ukukhokela iindlela ezintsha zokunkcenkceshela, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukuzuza ubutyebi bamanzi.ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwamanzi ukuphumeza injongo yokonga amanzi.I-Yuanmou County idweliswe njengendawo yokulinga yohlaziyo lwamaxabiso amanzi ezolimo kazwelonke.Ukuphunyezwa kweprojekthi kukhuthaze ukusungulwa kolawulo lwamanzi kunye nemodeli yokuhanjiswa kwamalungelo amanzi.
(2) Inkunzi yentlalontle ixhamla kwiinzuzo zayo zobuchwepheshe ukukhuthaza uphuhliso olukrelekrele lokunkcenkceshela kwezolimo
Yakha inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela “uthungelwano lwamanzi” kumhlaba weefama.(WeChat Public Account: Water Investment Policy Theory) Ulwakhiwo lweprojekthi yokuthatha amanzi kwidama, iprojekthi yokuhanjiswa kwamanzi ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina amanzi ukuya kumbhobho oyintloko wokuhanjiswa kwamanzi kunye nombhobho omkhulu wokuhanjiswa kwamanzi, kubandakanywa neprojekthi yokuhanjiswa kwamanzi kumbhobho oyintloko wesebe. , umbhobho wesebe lokuhanjiswa kwamanzi kunye nombhobho oncedisayo, oxhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokulinganisa ezihlakaniphileyo, izibonelelo zokunkcenkceshela, njl., ukwenza inkqubo "yenethiwekhi yamanzi" egubungela indawo yeprojekthi ukusuka kumthombo wamanzi ukuya kwintsimi, ukudibanisa "intshayelelo, ukuthutha, ukuhanjiswa , nokunkcenkceshela”.
Ukuseka "inethiwekhi yolawulo" yedijithali kunye nobukrelekrele kunye "nenethiwekhi yenkonzo".Iprojekthi ifakela izixhobo zokulawula ukunkcenkceshela kwamanzi kunye nezixhobo zonxibelelwano ezingenazintambo, idibanisa izixhobo zokulawula ezifana nemitha yamanzi ehlakaniphile, iivalvu zombane, iinkqubo zokubonelela ngombane, i-wireless sensing kunye nonxibelelwano olungenacingo, kwaye ibeka esweni ukufuma komhlaba kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu kusetyenziso lwamanzi ezityalo, isichumisi. ukusetyenziswa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi., umsebenzi wokhuseleko lombhobho kunye nolunye ulwazi ludluliselwa kwiziko lolwazi, iziko lolwazi lilawula ukutshintsha kwevalve yombane ngokwexabiso elibekiweyo, impendulo ye-alamu, kunye neziphumo zokuhlalutya idatha, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo lidlulisela ulwazi kwifowuni ephathekayo. i-terminal, umsebenzisi unokusebenza ekude.
3. Ukusebenza kweprojekthi
Le projekthi ithatha ulwakhiwo lwemimandla emikhulu yokunkcenkceshela njengomthwali, ithatha ukusungulwa kwenkqubo kunye nesixhobo njengesixhobo sokuqhuba, kwaye yazisa ngesibindi inkunzi yentlalontle ukuba ithathe inxaxheba kwigalelo, ulwakhiwo, ukusebenza kunye nolawulo lolondolozo lwamanzi eefama, kwaye ifezekisa injongo yokuphumelela kuwo onke amaqela.
(1) Imiphumo yentlalo
Ukusebenzisa iteknoloji yezolimo yanamhlanje ukutshintsha indlela yokutyala yemveli:
Le projekthi iye yatshintsha indlela eqhelekileyo yokutyalwa kwezolimo, etya amanzi, etya ixesha kunye nefuna abasebenzi abaninzi.Ngokwamkela ubuchwepheshe betyhubhu yokuthontsiza, izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamanzi liphezulu ukuya kuma-95%, kwaye umyinge wokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngemu nganye uyacuthwa ukusuka kwi-600-800m³ yokunkcenkceshela kwezandyondyo ukuya kwi-180-240m³;
Inani labasebenzi bolawulo kwimu nganye yegalelo lezityalo liye lancitshiswa ukusuka kwi-20 ukuya kwi-6, nto leyo enciphisa umsebenzi wamafama ukukhulula amanzi kunye nokulondoloza umsebenzi wokunkcenkceshela;
Ukusetyenziswa kwemibhobho yokunkcenkceshela yokunkcenkceshela ukuze kuchunyiswe kwaye kugalelwe amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi kuphucula kakhulu izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezichumisi zekhemikhali kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane, ezinokonga i-30% yezichumisi zekhemikhali kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane xa kuthelekiswa neendlela eziqhelekileyo zokufakwa;
Ukusetyenziswa kwemibhobho yonikezelo lwamanzi kuqinisekisa ukuba umthombo wamanzi uqinisekisiwe, kwaye amafama akufuneki atyale imali kwiindawo zokunkcenkceshela kunye nezixhobo, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu utyalo-mali lwemveliso.(Iakhawunti yoLuntu yeWeChat: Ithiyori yoMgaqo-nkqubo woTyalo-mali lwamanzi)
Xa kuthelekiswa nonkcenkceshelo lwezandyondyo, ukunkcenkceshela ngedriphu konga amanzi, isichumiso, ixesha kunye nomsebenzi.Izinga lokunyuka kwesivuno sezolimo yi-26.6% kwaye inqanaba lokunyuka kwesivuno yi-17.4%.Ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezolimo lwemveli ukuya kwezolimo zanamhlanje.
Ukunciphisa ukunqongophala kobutyebi bamanzi nokukhuthaza uphuhliso loluntu noqoqosho oluzinzileyo:
Le projekthi ithatha indlela "yokubonelela ngamanzi ngombhobho, ukuthathwa kwekhadi letyala" kunye "nokongeza kuqala, kwaye emva koko kukhululwe amanzi", nto leyo eyatshintsha isenzo "sokwakha ngokutsha kunye nombhobho wokukhanya" kwindawo yokugcina amanzi efama.Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo komlinganiso wamanzi okunkcenkceshela kuye kwanyuswa ukusuka kwi-0.42 ukuya kwi-0.9, okonga ngaphezulu kwe-21.58 yezigidi zem³ zamanzi minyaka le..
Ukuqonda koluntu ngokongiwa kwamanzi kuye kwandiswa kakhulu, ukusebenza ngokuzinzileyo nokunempilo kweeprojekthi zokunkcenkceshela kuye kwafezekiswa, ukuphikisana phakathi konikezelo kunye nemfuneko yobutyebi bamanzi kuye kwathotywa, kwaye kwakhuthazwa imvisiswano nozinzo ekuhlaleni.
Ukucuthwa kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwezolimo kunokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwimizi-mveliso kunye nolunye usetyenziso lwamanzi, ngaloo ndlela kukhuthazwa uphuhliso loqoqosho lwamashishini engingqi kunye nolunye uqoqosho lwemizi-mveliso.
Ukukhuthaza ukukhuthazwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamava alungileyo eprojekthi kweminye imimandla:
Emva kokugqitywa kweprojekthi, i-Dayu Water Saving Group Co., Ltd. iya kukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kobu buchwepheshe kunye nemodeli yokulawula kwezinye iindawo, ezifana ne-Xiangyun County eYunnan (indawo enkcenkceshelwayo ye-50,000 mu), i-Midu County (indawo enkcenkceshelwayo 49,000 mu), i-Mile County (indawo enkcenkceshelwayo ye-50,000 mu), i-Yongsheng County (indawo enkcenkceshelwayo ye-16,000 mu), i-Xinjiang Shaya County (indawo enkcenkceshelwayo ye-153,500 mu), i-Gansu Wushan County (indawo enkcenkceshelwayo ye-41,600 mu), i-Hebei County (i-Huaila County) indawo enkcenkceshelwayo ye-82,000 mu), njl.
(2) Iziphumo zoqoqosho
Ukwandisa umvuzo wabantu kunye nokwandisa imisebenzi yasekhaya:
Iindleko zamanzi ngemu nganye zinokucuthwa ukusuka kwi-yuan eyi-1,258 ukuya kwi-350 yuan, kwaye umvuzo oqhelekileyo we-mu nganye uya kunyuka ngaphezu kwe-5,000 yuan;
Inkampani yeprojekthi inabasebenzi abangama-32, kubandakanywa abasebenzi baseYuanmou basekhaya abangama-25 kunye nabasebenzi ababhinqileyo aba-6.Ukusebenza kwale projekthi kwenziwa ikakhulu ngabantu basekuhlaleni.Kuqikelelwa ukuba inkampani inokubuyisela iindleko kwi-5 ukuya kwi-7 iminyaka, kunye ne-avareji yereyithi yembuyekezo yonyaka we-7.95%.
Ookopolotyeni bamafama banobuncinane besivuno esiyi 4.95%.
Ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso nokukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kwamaphandle:
Ukuphunyezwa kwale projekthi kunciphisa iindleko zamanzi kwi-mu nganye ukusuka kwi-RMB 1,258 ukuya kwi-RMB 350, ukudala iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokulawula ezolimo.
Amafama asekuhlaleni okanye iikomiti zelali zidlulisela umhlaba wazo kwiinkampani zokulima ngokwazo, ukusuka kwizityalo zokutya zesintu ukuya kwimango, iilongan, iidiliya, iiorenji kunye nezinye iziqhamo ezinoqoqosho olunexabiso eliphezulu loqoqosho, kwaye baphuhlise imifuno eluhlaza, esemgangathweni kunye nobukhulu obuphezulu. i-industry Base, yakha i-tropical fruit science and technology park, yandisa i-avareji yengeniso engaphezulu kwe-5,000 yuan ngemu nganye, kwaye iphonononge indlela yophuhliso oluhlangeneyo "lokupheliswa kwentlupheko yamashishini + ukuncitshiswa kwentlupheko yenkcubeko + ukuthomalalisa ubuhlwempu kukhenketho".
Amafama aphumelele ukukhula kwengeniso okuzinzileyo nokuzinzileyo ngokusebenzisa amajelo amaninzi afana nokutyala, ukudluliselwa komhlaba, ingqesho ekufutshane, kunye nokhenketho lwenkcubeko.
(3) Iziphumo zokusingqongileyo
Ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lwezitshabalalisi kunye nokuphucula imeko yendalo:
Ngokubeka iliso okusebenzayo kunye nokulungiswa komgangatho wamanzi, okusingqongileyo kunye nomhlaba, le projekthi inokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwezichumisi zasefama kunye nezibulala-zinambuzane, ukunciphisa ilahleko yezichumisi zentsimi kunye nezibulala-zinambuzane ngamanzi, ukunciphisa ukungcoliseka komthombo ongekho ndawo, ukukhuthaza imodeli yemveliso yezolimo eluhlaza, kunye nokuphucula okusingqongileyo kwendalo.
Ukuphunyezwa kwale projekthi kwenze ukuba iiprojekthi zogcino lwamanzi kumhlaba weefama kummandla weprojekthi zilungelelaniswe ngakumbi, ngonkcenkceshelo olufanelekileyo nokuhanjiswa kwamanzi, amasimi acocekileyo, kwaye alungele ukulima ngoomatshini.Inkqubo yezityalo ezenziwe nge-agro-ecological kunye nemozulu ilungele ukulawula nokuphucula i-microclimate yentsimi kwindawo enkcenkceshelwayo, kunye nokunciphisa isoyikiso seentlekele zendalo ezifana nembalela, ukuchithwa kwamanzi kunye neqabaka kwimveliso yezolimo ngokwembono yendalo.
Ekugqibeleni siqonde uphuhliso olunengqiqo nokusetyenziswa kobutyebi bendalo, qinisekisa isangqa esilungileyo se-ecology, nokudala iimeko zophuhliso oluzinzileyo lwemimandla yokunkcenkceshela.
(4) Ukulawulwa kweengozi zemali kunye nenkcitho engalindelekanga
Kwi-2015, urhulumente waseTshayina wakhupha "Izikhokelo zokuBonisa ukuZibonelelwa kwezeMali zoBudlelwane boBurhulumente-buBucala", obuchaza ukuba uxanduva lwenkcitho yemali yazo zonke iiprojekthi ze-PPP yoorhulumente kuwo onke amanqanaba kufuneka zicwangciswe ukusuka kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye nomlinganiselo. yenkcitho yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lukawonke-wonke kwinqanaba elihambelanayo kufuneka ingabi ngaphezu kwe-10%.
Ngokwale mfuneko, iPPP iqonga lolwazi oluphangaleleyo luseke inkqubo yokubeka iliso kwi-intanethi kunye nesilumkiso kwangethuba ukuze ifikeleleke ngokwemali, ebeka iliso ngokubanzi uxanduva lwenkcitho yemali yeprojekthi nganye yePPP yesixeko ngasinye kunye norhulumente wesiphaluka kunye nomlinganiselo wayo kwinkcitho yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kawonke-wonke. umgangatho ofanayo.Ngokufanelekileyo, iprojekthi nganye entsha yePPP kufuneka yenze umboniso wokufikeleleka kwemali kwaye yamkelwe ngurhulumente kwinqanaba elifanayo.
Le projekthi yiprojekthi ehlawulwa ngumsebenzisi.Ngexesha le-2016-2037, iindleko ezipheleleyo eziza kuchithwa ngurhulumente yi-42.09 yezigidi ze-yuan (kubandakanywa ne-25 yezigidi zeeyuan ezivela kurhulumente ukuxhasa amaziko ngo-2018-2022; i-17.09 yezigidi ze-yuan yenkcitho evela kurhulumente kwi-2017-2037 yenkcitho eqhubekayo. kuphela xa kwenzeka ingozi ehambelanayo.) Inkcitho yonyaka yazo zonke iiprojekthi ze-PPP zikarhulumente kwinqanaba elifanayo alidluli i-10% yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali loluntu ngokubanzi kwinqanaba elifanayo, kwaye umlinganiselo ophezulu wenzeke ngo-2018, 0.35%.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-03-2022
